The Rational Decision Making Process - 1630 Words

A rational decision implies that a qualitative and considered thought process was undertaken in order to reach an optimal outcome. Although there are defined rules that add structure to the rational decision making process (Tripathi PNP 2007; Williams, McWilliams 2013), according to contingency theory and with respect to the rationality paradigm, there are limits to which an optimal outcome is realised (Morgan 1986, p. 167; Schoonhoven 1981, p. 352). External factors such as government, customers, competitors and suppliers all impose their constraints that influence the final decision. Contingency theory suggests that the final decision is ultimately determined by the organisation’s overall objectives coupled with real world limitations, and consequently all rational decisions take the form of bounded rationality and therefore should be considered suboptimal (Todd Gigerenzer 2003, p. 144; March Simon 1958, p. 269). However, there is another view that considers rational dec isions made independently and unbounded will become optimal, or more accurately stated, maximising the expected utility (Von Neumann Morgenstern 1944). Nash (1950) postulated the Nash Equilibrium (NE) and has since been implicated in many aspects of human endeavour, and one of which is rational decision making. A facet of NE shows that a rational decision becomes optimal when a considered decision is made within the context of the organisation’s objectives and is independent of others. BecauseShow MoreRelatedRational Decision Making Process2753 Words   |  12 PagesCONTENT Abstract 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Steps to Problem Solving Process 2.0 Defining Problems 2.1 Problem Statement 3.0 Identifying Decision Criteria 4.0 Allocating Weights to Each Criteria 5.0 Developing/Generating Alternatives 6.0 Evaluating Alternatives 6.1 Potential Solution Evaluation Checklist: 6.2 When should you evaluate potential solutions? 6.3 Criterion – weight matrix 7.0 Selecting the Optimal Decision/Alternatives 7.1 Selection of alternatives 7.2 Pros and ConsRead MoreDecision Making Cycle1030 Words   |  5 Pages § The principles involved in managerial decision making and effective problem solving. The Rational Decision Making emerges from Organizational Behavior. The process is one that is logical and follows the orderly path from problem identification through solution. The Rational Decision Making is a seven step model for making rational and logical reasons: Define the problem The very first step which is normally overlooked by the top level management is defining the exact problem. ThoughRead More Rational Decision Making Model Essay1605 Words   |  7 PagesRational Decision Making Model Abstract What is a decision? The word decision can be defined as, â€Å"the act of reaching a conclusion or making up ones mind† (American Heritage, 2000). Essentially, a decision is a choice that an individual or a group of people makes. A decision can be a single action, an entire process, or even just a single spoken word or gesture. Decision-making is one of the defining characteristics of leadership. Making decisions is what managers and leaders are paid toRead MoreDecision Making Of A Public Policy929 Words   |  4 PagesDecision-making in Public Policy has evolved into two camps: the camp that favors decision-making based more on techniques derived from mathematics, economics, and management science; and the camp that favors decision-making based more on politics. The former is often referred to as ideal decision-making, while the latter is referred to as real decision-making. Decision-making in management science is taking into account suppositions that complex issues can be broken down into littler parts thatRead MoreDecision Making Of A Bse Veterinary Service846 Words   |  4 PagesDecision Making Companies all over the world are faced with decision daily. Some decisions are small in nature with minimal effects on the company or its employees. While other decisions have a tremendous effect on the entire company. This paper will provide a detailed description of the top three ways to make decisions, such as the rational model, the organizational process model, and the collaborative model. Also, provide some techniques for making decisions. Furthermore, one of these models willRead MoreRational Decision Making Model1679 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract What is a decision? The word decision can be defined as, the act of reaching a conclusion or making up ones mind (American Heritage, 2000). Essentially, a decision is a choice that an individual or a group of people makes. A decision can be a single action, an entire process, or even just a single spoken word or gesture. Decision-making is one of the defining characteristics of leadership. Making decisions is what managers and leaders are paid to do, and is an integral part of theirRead MoreDecision Making : An Essential Skill Of A Productive And Successful Manager1089 Words   |  5 PagesDecision-making is an essential skill of a productive and successful manager as it has direct impact on the organization and team. Decision-making is the process of ‘selecting an alternative from among choices that are accessible.’ There are three main models of decision-making, these include rational, intuition and bounded rationality model. These provide an effective option of dealing with decision-making, and also helps to build support for the final decision and active commitment to that decisionsRead MoreDecision Making An Effective Decision1094 Words   |  5 PagesDecision-making is an important process. It can be a task, which needs a simple decision to be made or a difficult situation involving several issues. In difficult situations, there may be uncertainty and complexities, wherein there may be interrelated factors that could lead to high-risk consequences, the impact of the decision made could be very important. Every situation will have its own set of uncertainties and consequences. Interpersonal issues too come in the way of making an effective decisionRead MoreThe Rational Thinking Is Very Powerful Word1464 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The Rational Thinking is very powerful word as it help us in making a decision which is appropriate. As in rational thinking there is logical and reasonable thinking and the decision maker is free from all the restriction such as sentiment. So the decision is made on the basis of original facts and knowledge not on the sentiment. As all the people have the ability to make the logical decision to every problem but they face a sentiment due to which they usually take decision without thinkingRead MoreLogical Selection of Reasoning and Facts in Rational Decision Making1240 Words   |  5 PagesRATIONAL DECISION MAKING Rational decision making is a decision making model that involves the logical selection among possible choices that is based on reasoning and facts. In a rational decision making process a business manager will often employ a series of analytical steps to review relevant facts observation and possible outcomes before choosing a particular course of action. Rational decision making can also be termed classical decision making. Rational decision making is part of the normative

Essay about Honored Irish Immigrants - 787 Words

For many people, the American dreams and promises brought ideas and new hopes of a better life. For the Irish, the American dreams and promises weren’t just ideas and hopes, they were the way to a new beginning in America, a way to start over and forget the horrifying past they encountered. The Irish struggled day after day to pay for fair travel to America. To many people, the challenge the Irish overcame seemed to deserve praise. Today, the Irish are honored and commemorated for their hard work and desire for a better life. The start of the Irish’ peoples struggles began when the British came and destroyed their way of life. The Penal laws of 1691 stripped Irish Catholics of their freedoms by taking away their rights to become officers†¦show more content†¦People worried about the potato crop. At first, the potatos seemed fine, but after further examination the potatos were rotten. In October of 1845, Britain’s Prime Minister, Sir Robert Peel, established a scientific commission to discover over half of Irelands potatos had been ruined by â€Å"wet rot.† The potato crop failed time and time again. Irish people began to lose hope in receiving better living conditions, but the shipping lanes opened to America after they had been closed by the war (Philip). Irish began to think of the American dream and promise. The American dream and promise changes a nations state of mind. It originally comes from the Declaration of Independence. The promise is â€Å"all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights.† The dream: â€Å"Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.† All of which were things the Irish desired (Pendry). According to Philips, between 1815 and 1816, around 20,000 Irish traveled to the Americas. These emigrants were mostly professionals and shopkeepers, because farmers couldn’t afford travel. Over the next two decades shipping fees continued to have outrageous prices, but between 1823 and 1825 more people, such as the merchants and farmers, were able to travel because free passage and land grants were allowed to Catholics. The largest emigration was in 1827 when nearly 400,000 Irish traveled to the Americas on Coffin Ships; overcrowded ships filledShow MoreRelatedInformative Speech On Halloween733 Words   |  3 Pagesparades, and dressing up in costumes as saints, angels and devils. (Ref. 4) i. Honored all Catholic souls and involved fasting as well as special prayers and rituals. ii. During the festival people dressed up in fun clothing. Transition: Halloween was not recognized as a holiday in the US until the late 19th century IV. The migration of Irish and Scottish immigrants brought Halloween customs to America. a. These new immigrants helped to popularize the celebration of Halloween nationally. (Ref. 1). iRead MoreThe American Dream By Christopher Columbus1470 Words   |  6 Pagesafter their immune system had proved to be too weak. After America had been identified as its own nation once the Revolutionary War had concluded, land-hungry â€Å"Americans† pushed the natives out west in order to satiate their economic desires. These immigrants did not care about the welfare of their traditional neighbors, but viewed them as insignificant, uncivilized vermin in the way of their pursuits. President Andrew Jackson’s policies had led to the uprooting of more than 100,000 Native AmericansRead MorePittsburgh Music History1449 Words   |  6 Pagesbackground. The music legacy of Pittsburgh began back in in the mid 1750’s and early 1800’s as English, led by General Forbes, troops marched along with Scottish bagpipes and drums on their way to Fort Duquesne. The early Scotch, Irish, Welsh, English, and German immigrants who settled Pittsburgh brought their folk, religious, and classical music with them laying the foundation for the development of Pittsburghs music traditions. In its early years Pittsburgh was a small trading post with a smallRead MoreThe Illusions Of American Dream1448 Words   |  6 Pagesthus, it is not an easy thing to do. The Jungle described the tragic experience of the Jurgis family who are immigrants from Lithuania. In order to make a living in America, the Jurgis and his fiancà ©e, Ona, moved to America and came to Chicago to find a job. However, what they are facing is the ugliness of politics and society that brings by the American industrialization. As immigrants, the Jurgis do not speak English, therefore they are more vulnerable to be harmed by the power of exploitationRead MoreThe Life of the Catholic Church in the US1736 Words   |  7 PagesAmericans who took possession of the primitive french and spanish colonies, destroyed a large part of the remains of their predecessors, doing little to preach the Gospel to the Indians. However, the States of Arizona, California and Wisconsin honored its first missionaries by erecting statues to Kino, Fray Junipero and Marquette in the Room of the Statues of the Capitol. (Shea, 124) Most important for the development of the Church in this country was the British colony of Maryland. InRead MoreAmerican Tragedy by Theodore Dreiser1549 Words   |  7 Pageschildhood friends, and colleges reinforced his belief in white supremacy. John’s earliest political allegiance was to the American Party, otherwise known as the â€Å"Know-Nothing Party†. The party’s platform was erected from fear of a flood of Irish and German immigrants who threatened to degrade the institutions within America. Prior to John’s twenty-seventh birthday, he took two former childhood friends to a production in Washington, DC called Our American Cousin. English playwright, Tom Taylor, wroteRead MoreAmerican Tragedy by Theodore Dreiser1562 Words   |  7 Pageschildhood friends, and colleges reinforced his belief in white supremacy. John’s earliest political allegiance was to the American Party, otherwise known as the â€Å"Know-Nothing Party†. The party’s platform was erected from fear of a flood of Irish and German immigrants who threatened to degrade the institutions within America. Prior to John’s twenty-seventh birthday, he took two former childhood friends to a production in Washington, DC called Our American Cousin. English playwright, Tom Taylor, wroteRead MoreMargaret Sanger s Revolution For Women s Rights1716 Words   |  7 Pagestogether will sum up how Margaret Sanger’s revolutionized the role for women in society and her fight that established the revolution for women’s rights. To start, Margaret Sanger was conceived in Corning, New York, 1879. Her mother and father were Irish immigrants by the name of Anne and Michael Higgins. She was born into this world being the 6th child out of eleven children in her family. Growing up wasn’t easy for Sanger. She noticed from a young age how much her difficult life was having such a bigRead More John Steinbeck Essay1735 Words   |  7 PagesBeth and Esther were much older than John and he felt closest to Mary, the youngest. He spent his childhood and adolescence in the Salinas Valley, which he later called â€Å"the salad bowl of the nation.† John’s mother, Olive, was the daughter of Irish immigrants. She left her parents’ ranch to become a teacher. John remembered his mother as energetic and full of fun. He called his father, in contrast, â€Å"a singularly silent man.† Steinbeck’s father, also named John, worked as the treasurer of MontereyRead More Life and works of John St einnbeck Essay2399 Words   |  10 Pagesthe time he spent outdoors, he began farming in the Salinas Valley. Mostly Salinas Valley was built up by farmers that came after original settlers had arrived. John Ernest Steinbeck was born in Salinas Valley, on February 27, 1902 from German and Irish decent. His father was the county’s treasurer and his mother who was a school teacher nurtured John’s ability to read and write. In 1919 Steinbeck graduated from Salinas High School and later attended Stanford University. Originally an English major

Hermia 2 free essay sample

Hermia # 8211 ; Midnight Summer # 8217 ; s Dream Essay, Research Paper Hermia, Lysander, Helena and Demetrius represent immature love in Shakespeare s A Midsummer Night s Dream. They are potrayed as foolish and volatile, moving like kids and necessitating a parental figure to steer them. The parental figures are Hermia s male parent, Egeus, and figuratively Theseus, the mortal swayer, and Oberon, the mystical swayer. Demetrius is a sap because he is incognizant that his love alterations through out the drama. We learn from Demetrius that he has loved Helena before confering his fondnesss on Hermia ( 1.1 106-107, 242-243 ) . It is non for nil that he is termed patched and inconstant adult male ( 1.1 110 ) . Athough at the start of the drama Demetrius no longer loves Helena. ( 2.1 195 ) Demetrius says, I love thee non, hence prosecute me non. ( 2.1 201 ) Hence, acquire thee gone, and follow me no more. In Act 3 Scene 2, Demetrius after being juiced Begins to love Helena. We will write a custom essay sample on Hermia 2 or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ( 3.2 172-176 ) Demetrius says, Lysander, maintain thy Hermia ; I will none. If e Er I loved her, all that love is gone. My bosom to her but as guest wise sojourned, And non to helen is it place returned, there to reamain. This proves how volatile he is, for he is non cognizant of his altering love one time for Helena so for Hermia so returning to Helena with the aid of the mystical male parent Oberon. Helena is a sap because Demetrius does non love her but still persists in trailing him. Demetrius shows no love for Helena to the point of wishing her injury. ( 2.1 234-235 ) Demetrius says I ll run from thee, and conceal me in the brakes, And leave thee to the clemency of wild animals. ( 2.1 206-208 ) Do I lure you? Do I talk you fair? or instead do I non on plainest truth Tell you I do non, nor I can non love you? Demetrius clearly illustrates to Helena that he has no involvement, but Helena persists there is no bound to how far she will degrade herself to win his fondnesss. I am your spaniel ; and. Demetrius. The more you beat me. I will crawl on you. Use me but as your spaniel, reject me, strike me. Neglect me, lose me: merely give me go forth. Unworthy as I am. To follow you. Tungsten hat worser topographic point can I implore in your love- And yet a topographic point of high regard with me- Than to be used as you use your Canis familiaris? ( 2.1 209-217 ) She is so focussed on the degrading and humilating realtionship with Demetrius that she can non accept Lysander s regards as true. She believes him to be mocking her. Lysander is a sap because he persuades Hermia to run away with him despite her male parent s menaces which were sanctioned by the male monarch, Theseus ( 1.1 67-68 ) Either to decease the decease, or to recant Forever the society of work forces. If she insists on get marrieding Lysander, Lysander persists to coerce her. He neer considers the danger he has placed Hermia. So it isn t surprising when he fails to see her repute as he lies following to her in the wood. ( 2.2 47-48 ) One sod shall function as a pillow for us both ; One bosom, one bed, two bosoms, and one engagement. Lysander is besides put to the love trial with the juice put on his for caput merely to miserably neglect once more, for if his love is so strong he would non fal stricken to the love potion of the juice which he is set on by Puck the mystical disturbence. And alternatively of loving his amah Hermia he falls in love with Helena and confuses Helena even more, by claiming to contend her Demetrius, for her love And run through fire I will for thy sweet interest. Crystalline Helena! Nature show art, That through thy bosom makes me see thy bosom. Where is Demetrius? O, how fit a word Is that vile name to die on my blade! ( 2.2 109-117 ) He besides spites the name of Hermia. ( 2.2 118 120 ) Content with Hermia? No I do atone The tediouis proceedingss I with her have spent. non Hermia, but Helena I love. Lysander is a sap with a boring and altering bosom. Hermia is a sap because she risks Banishment from her household for love with Lysander, who is everchanging and hebdomad hearted about his love. ( 1.1 171 173 ) My good Lysander, I swear to thee by Cupid s strongest bow, By his best pointer with the aureate caput. ( 1.1 181 ) Tommorow genuinely will I run into with thee. This is unsafe for Hermia was to get married Demetius or be put to. ( 1.1

The world of freedom Essay Example For Students

The world of freedom Essay If you have ever opened the midnight color doors, you have been in the world know as DV8. A world within a dance club, where they have forgotten labels, they have remembered images, and they have found true freedom. Welcome to the hottest dance club on Thursday nights. A placed called DV8. Where once a week some of the worlds greatest D.J.s come to spin their records on their turntables. Where some of the greatest rave dancers, come to dance. Where everyone comes together for one magical night in heaven. As you enter the doors of DV8 a bouncer will ask for you I.D. Oh yes. I pulled out my licence with as I trembled. 18 the bouncer says with an attitude. Everyone has an attitude in the dance clubs. They call it the survival of the fittest. To have survived and to be noticed you must carry yourself as if you were somebody important and as if you were too busy to be bothered with people. This is all part of the game. Everybody wants to be the hunter but not the prey. We will write a custom essay on The world of freedom specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now As I leave the front door, the bouncer started to fight with the person behind me. Sorry man, this is a fake, says the bouncer who weighs at least 200 lbs. He was a muscular man in his late twenties. Nobody would mess with him but the man behind me thought he could. They started to argue, but I just continued my journey into the world of fantasy. Looking around, I could not believe my eyes. There were so many beautiful men and women talking to each another. Clothes were almost too expensive to touch, yet to underground to been seen in the daylight. Realizing how beautiful these people were, I began to feel self-conscious about myself. Do I fit in? Do I belong here, I ask myself? Then, like a flash of lighting it hit me, the sounds, the beats, and the music. The sound had entered my soul like a deadly disease. I did not realize it was there, but when you did it was too late. Your body had already lost control. The music had made you feel like you were as free as the lights creeping into the smallest corners of the club and as free as the enchanting beats of the night. Nobody was safe from the music not even me. However, I decided to glance around and mingle before I entered the dance floor. Noticing a few friends of mine, I ran up to them like I had not seemed them in years. Now I began to feel a little more comfortable with myself. Nothing much. Just hanging out. Trying to get ready to show off my new dance moves., Erin said as she was standing there with a drink in her hand. Erin was a small young woman about 5 4, but nobody could miss her. Her dark hazel eyes and light curly brown hair sparkled throughout the room. Erin introduces me to her friends, Jason and Eric. I could not believe these people were college students by day and living dancing vampires by night. They had forgotten the labels of society in this club. One could be totally free with themselves and nobody was going to judge them. I think there was also something in the atmosphere that night, a sense of freedom. Williams 3 Erin took me around and showed me all the best places to hang out. We sat on an old retro couch next to the dance floor. We watched the many nameless faces dance. Moving their bodies as if they were liquid, flowing from one end to another. All of this totally amazed me. The movements, the rhythm, and the sounds. .uf72eb0ddd5d8a2f525dc61cc27dad9fc , .uf72eb0ddd5d8a2f525dc61cc27dad9fc .postImageUrl , .uf72eb0ddd5d8a2f525dc61cc27dad9fc .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf72eb0ddd5d8a2f525dc61cc27dad9fc , .uf72eb0ddd5d8a2f525dc61cc27dad9fc:hover , .uf72eb0ddd5d8a2f525dc61cc27dad9fc:visited , .uf72eb0ddd5d8a2f525dc61cc27dad9fc:active { border:0!important; } .uf72eb0ddd5d8a2f525dc61cc27dad9fc .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf72eb0ddd5d8a2f525dc61cc27dad9fc { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf72eb0ddd5d8a2f525dc61cc27dad9fc:active , .uf72eb0ddd5d8a2f525dc61cc27dad9fc:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf72eb0ddd5d8a2f525dc61cc27dad9fc .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf72eb0ddd5d8a2f525dc61cc27dad9fc .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf72eb0ddd5d8a2f525dc61cc27dad9fc .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf72eb0ddd5d8a2f525dc61cc27dad9fc .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf72eb0ddd5d8a2f525dc61cc27dad9fc:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf72eb0ddd5d8a2f525dc61cc27dad9fc .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf72eb0ddd5d8a2f525dc61cc27dad9fc .uf72eb0ddd5d8a2f525dc61cc27dad9fc-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf72eb0ddd5d8a2f525dc61cc27dad9fc:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Strategic Marketing - Case O F Sa Sa EssaySounds were coming from an upstairs booth. Who was making these sounds? Were they coming from a CD?, I asked myself. Erin noticed the puzzled look on my face and asked me what was the matter. Where is all of the music coming from?She pointed her finger into the air and across the dance floor toward a booth. Lights and posters, advertising new techno sounds and new D.J., that surrounded the booth. It is coming from there. There is a worlds famous D.J. in there, playing some of Europes hottest techno music. Isnt great?Well he is spinning records on a turntable. That is how he makes his music, she tells me with such enthusiasm. COME ON! LETS DANCE!Erin grabs my arm and we were on the dance floor. She did something called raving. It is almost like the robot dance from the 80s. I caught on quick and was dancing like never before. The music had taken control now and I was not going to be stopped.Erin and her friends began to get tired and sat out on the last few dances but not me. I was lost forever into a world of my own. Finally the lights had come on and the music had stopped. The night was finally over and my first experience at DV8 had ended. Sweating from dancing for almost two hours straight I went over to Erin to give her a goodbye hug. Oh very much so. What an experience.However, that is when I realized how lonely and depressing a club looks when it about to close. The floors are cover with beer bottles, paper, and dirt. Almost everyone looks like theyre drunk and going home with somebody they do not know. It was as if everyone had lost their heaven and was going back to their coffins before the sunlight hit. Nevertheless, they would be all back next week. Ready to dance away their labels, to produce images, and find something one could only find at a club. Freedom. Bibliography: